What are the design and manufacturing methods of stamping dies?

In the production of automotive stamping parts, compared with cold stamping, hot stamping technology can effectively consider the safety of light weight and collision, as well as the rebound and die wear of stamping parts under high strength, and has attracted attention. Hot stamping should be realized through its forming dies, and the efficiency of stamping and forming is directly related to the reasonableness of the die design. What are the main influencing factors for the structural design of hot forming dies?

In the design of hot forming die structure, the main influencing factors are: insert cooling system arrangement, die strength, die sealing, etc. The most important one is the insert cooling system arrangement to ensure a certain cooling rate of the hot formed parts after forming. Accordingly, the design and manufacturing methods of hot stamping dies are mainly divided into four types: drilling type, layered type, leaching type, melting type and casting type. What are the advantages and disadvantages of each method?

1. Drilling type

Drilling type maximizes the arrangement of tubing under the convex and concave die faces and realizes the arrangement of the inlay cooling system. This type is easy to process, easy to replace the mold, and has good versatility, but there is no way to use mold processing, and the cooling of the mold is not uniform.

2.Layered type

Layered type processing is to use the cooling tube as the interface between the mold surface and other parts of the mold, with the advantages of good follow-up, large heat transfer area, simple sealing, etc. The disadvantage is that high precision processing equipment is required, the cooling tube is complicated, and the heat transfer performance is poor.

3.Shower type

By setting a series of small holes on the surface of the mold and setting nozzles in the holes, the high-pressure coolant is sprayed into the hot steel plate to achieve quenching and cooling, the advantages of which are good cooling effect, adequate material phase change, excellent mechanical properties of the parts, the disadvantage is that processing difficulties, residual water droplets on the mold seriously damage the mold surface and reduce the life of the mold.

4. Melt casting type

Melt casting type is used to obtain the mold blank by fixing the cooling tube as a whole embedded in the sand, and get the complete mold after processing, with flexible cooling tube arrangement, good tracking, simple and reliable pipe sealing, and easy processing; the disadvantages are poor mold strength, complex melting casting process, realization of metallurgical combination of pipe and substrate, high positioning accuracy, and difficulty in realizing local pressure mold repair.